router.dart

import 'package:flame/components.dart';
import 'package:flame/effects.dart';
import 'package:flame/events.dart';
import 'package:flame/game.dart';
import 'package:flame/geometry.dart';
import 'package:flame/rendering.dart';
import 'package:flutter/rendering.dart';

class RouterGame extends FlameGame {
  late final RouterComponent router;

  @override
  Future<void> onLoad() async {
    add(
      router = RouterComponent(
        routes: {
          'home': Route(StartPage.new),
          'level1': WorldRoute(Level1Page.new),
          'level2': WorldRoute(Level2Page.new, maintainState: false),
          'pause': PauseRoute(),
        },
        initialRoute: 'home',
      ),
    );
  }
}

class StartPage extends Component with HasGameReference<RouterGame> {
  StartPage() {
    addAll([
      _logo = TextComponent(
        text: 'Your Game',
        textRenderer: TextPaint(
          style: const TextStyle(
            fontSize: 64,
            color: Color(0xFFC8FFF5),
            fontWeight: FontWeight.w800,
          ),
        ),
        anchor: Anchor.center,
      ),
      _button1 = RoundedButton(
        text: 'Level 1',
        action: () => game.router.pushNamed('level1'),
        color: const Color(0xffadde6c),
        borderColor: const Color(0xffedffab),
      ),
      _button2 = RoundedButton(
        text: 'Level 2',
        action: () => game.router.pushNamed('level2'),
        color: const Color(0xffdebe6c),
        borderColor: const Color(0xfffff4c7),
      ),
    ]);
  }

  late final TextComponent _logo;
  late final RoundedButton _button1;
  late final RoundedButton _button2;

  @override
  void onGameResize(Vector2 size) {
    super.onGameResize(size);
    _logo.position = Vector2(size.x / 2, size.y / 3);
    _button1.position = Vector2(size.x / 2, _logo.y + 80);
    _button2.position = Vector2(size.x / 2, _logo.y + 140);
  }
}

class Background extends Component {
  Background(this.color);
  final Color color;

  @override
  void render(Canvas canvas) {
    canvas.drawColor(color, BlendMode.srcATop);
  }
}

class RoundedButton extends PositionComponent with TapCallbacks {
  RoundedButton({
    required this.text,
    required this.action,
    required Color color,
    required Color borderColor,
    super.position,
    super.anchor = Anchor.center,
  }) : _textDrawable = TextPaint(
          style: const TextStyle(
            fontSize: 20,
            color: Color(0xFF000000),
            fontWeight: FontWeight.w800,
          ),
        ).toTextPainter(text) {
    size = Vector2(150, 40);
    _textOffset = Offset(
      (size.x - _textDrawable.width) / 2,
      (size.y - _textDrawable.height) / 2,
    );
    _rrect = RRect.fromLTRBR(0, 0, size.x, size.y, Radius.circular(size.y / 2));
    _bgPaint = Paint()..color = color;
    _borderPaint = Paint()
      ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
      ..strokeWidth = 2
      ..color = borderColor;
  }

  final String text;
  final void Function() action;
  final TextPainter _textDrawable;
  late final Offset _textOffset;
  late final RRect _rrect;
  late final Paint _borderPaint;
  late final Paint _bgPaint;

  @override
  void render(Canvas canvas) {
    canvas.drawRRect(_rrect, _bgPaint);
    canvas.drawRRect(_rrect, _borderPaint);
    _textDrawable.paint(canvas, _textOffset);
  }

  @override
  void onTapDown(TapDownEvent event) {
    scale = Vector2.all(1.05);
  }

  @override
  void onTapUp(TapUpEvent event) {
    scale = Vector2.all(1.0);
    action();
  }

  @override
  void onTapCancel(TapCancelEvent event) {
    scale = Vector2.all(1.0);
  }
}

abstract class SimpleButton extends PositionComponent with TapCallbacks {
  SimpleButton(this._iconPath, {super.position}) : super(size: Vector2.all(40));

  final Paint _borderPaint = Paint()
    ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
    ..color = const Color(0x66ffffff);
  final Paint _iconPaint = Paint()
    ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
    ..color = const Color(0xffaaaaaa)
    ..strokeWidth = 7;
  final Path _iconPath;

  void action();

  @override
  void render(Canvas canvas) {
    canvas.drawRRect(
      RRect.fromRectAndRadius(size.toRect(), const Radius.circular(8)),
      _borderPaint,
    );
    canvas.drawPath(_iconPath, _iconPaint);
  }

  @override
  void onTapDown(TapDownEvent event) {
    _iconPaint.color = const Color(0xffffffff);
  }

  @override
  void onTapUp(TapUpEvent event) {
    _iconPaint.color = const Color(0xffaaaaaa);
    action();
  }

  @override
  void onTapCancel(TapCancelEvent event) {
    _iconPaint.color = const Color(0xffaaaaaa);
  }
}

class BackButton extends SimpleButton with HasGameReference<RouterGame> {
  BackButton()
      : super(
          Path()
            ..moveTo(22, 8)
            ..lineTo(10, 20)
            ..lineTo(22, 32)
            ..moveTo(12, 20)
            ..lineTo(34, 20),
          position: Vector2.all(10),
        );

  @override
  void action() => game.router.pop();
}

class PauseButton extends SimpleButton with HasGameReference<RouterGame> {
  PauseButton()
      : super(
          Path()
            ..moveTo(14, 10)
            ..lineTo(14, 30)
            ..moveTo(26, 10)
            ..lineTo(26, 30),
          position: Vector2(60, 10),
        );

  bool isPaused = false;

  @override
  void action() {
    if (isPaused) {
      game.router.pop();
    } else {
      game.router.pushNamed('pause');
    }
    isPaused = !isPaused;
  }
}

class Level1Page extends DecoratedWorld with HasGameReference {
  @override
  Future<void> onLoad() async {
    addAll([
      Background(const Color(0xbb2a074f)),
      Planet(
        radius: 25,
        color: const Color(0xfffff188),
        children: [
          Orbit(
            radius: 110,
            revolutionPeriod: 6,
            planet: Planet(
              radius: 10,
              color: const Color(0xff54d7b1),
              children: [
                Orbit(
                  radius: 25,
                  revolutionPeriod: 5,
                  planet: Planet(radius: 3, color: const Color(0xFFcccccc)),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    ]);
  }

  final hudComponents = <Component>[];

  @override
  void onMount() {
    hudComponents.addAll([
      BackButton(),
      PauseButton(),
    ]);
    game.camera.viewport.addAll(hudComponents);
  }

  @override
  void onRemove() {
    game.camera.viewport.removeAll(hudComponents);
    super.onRemove();
  }
}

class Level2Page extends DecoratedWorld with HasGameReference {
  @override
  Future<void> onLoad() async {
    addAll([
      Background(const Color(0xff052b44)),
      Planet(
        radius: 30,
        color: const Color(0xFFFFFFff),
        children: [
          Orbit(
            radius: 60,
            revolutionPeriod: 5,
            planet: Planet(radius: 10, color: const Color(0xffc9ce0d)),
          ),
          Orbit(
            radius: 110,
            revolutionPeriod: 10,
            planet: Planet(
              radius: 14,
              color: const Color(0xfff32727),
              children: [
                Orbit(
                  radius: 26,
                  revolutionPeriod: 3,
                  planet: Planet(radius: 5, color: const Color(0xffffdb00)),
                ),
                Orbit(
                  radius: 35,
                  revolutionPeriod: 4,
                  planet: Planet(radius: 3, color: const Color(0xffdc00ff)),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    ]);
  }

  final hudComponents = <Component>[];

  @override
  void onMount() {
    hudComponents.addAll([
      BackButton(),
      PauseButton(),
    ]);
    game.camera.viewport.addAll(hudComponents);
  }

  @override
  void onRemove() {
    game.camera.viewport.removeAll(hudComponents);
    super.onRemove();
  }
}

class Planet extends PositionComponent {
  Planet({
    required this.radius,
    required this.color,
    super.position,
    super.children,
  }) : _paint = Paint()..color = color;

  final double radius;
  final Color color;
  final Paint _paint;

  @override
  void render(Canvas canvas) {
    canvas.drawCircle(Offset.zero, radius, _paint);
  }
}

class Orbit extends PositionComponent {
  Orbit({
    required this.radius,
    required this.planet,
    required this.revolutionPeriod,
    double initialAngle = 0,
  })  : _paint = Paint()
          ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
          ..color = const Color(0x888888aa),
        _angle = initialAngle {
    add(planet);
  }

  final double radius;
  final double revolutionPeriod;
  final Planet planet;
  final Paint _paint;
  double _angle;

  @override
  void render(Canvas canvas) {
    canvas.drawCircle(Offset.zero, radius, _paint);
  }

  @override
  void update(double dt) {
    _angle += dt / revolutionPeriod * tau;
    planet.position = Vector2(radius, 0)..rotate(_angle);
  }
}

class PauseRoute extends Route {
  PauseRoute() : super(PausePage.new, transparent: true);

  @override
  void onPush(Route? previousRoute) {
    if (previousRoute is WorldRoute && previousRoute.world is DecoratedWorld) {
      (previousRoute.world! as DecoratedWorld).timeScale = 0;
      (previousRoute.world! as DecoratedWorld).decorator =
          PaintDecorator.grayscale(opacity: 0.5)..addBlur(3.0);
    }
  }

  @override
  void onPop(Route nextRoute) {
    if (nextRoute is WorldRoute && nextRoute.world is DecoratedWorld) {
      (nextRoute.world! as DecoratedWorld).timeScale = 1;
      (nextRoute.world! as DecoratedWorld).decorator = null;
    }
  }
}

class PausePage extends Component
    with TapCallbacks, HasGameReference<RouterGame> {
  @override
  Future<void> onLoad() async {
    final game = findGame()!;
    addAll([
      TextComponent(
        text: 'PAUSED',
        position: game.canvasSize / 2,
        anchor: Anchor.center,
        children: [
          ScaleEffect.to(
            Vector2.all(1.1),
            EffectController(
              duration: 0.3,
              alternate: true,
              infinite: true,
            ),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    ]);
  }

  @override
  bool containsLocalPoint(Vector2 point) => true;

  @override
  void onTapUp(TapUpEvent event) => game.router.pop();
}

class DecoratedWorld extends World with HasTimeScale {
  PaintDecorator? decorator;

  @override
  void renderFromCamera(Canvas canvas) {
    if (decorator == null) {
      super.renderFromCamera(canvas);
    } else {
      decorator!.applyChain(super.renderFromCamera, canvas);
    }
  }
}

Code

This example app shows the use of the RouterComponent to move across multiple screens within the game. In addition, the “pause” button stops time and applies visual effects to the content of the page below it.

RouterComponent

The RouterComponent’s job is to manage navigation across multiple screens within the game. It is similar in spirit to Flutter’s Navigator class, except that it works with Flame components instead of Flutter widgets.

A typical game will usually consist of multiple pages: the splash screen, the starting menu page, the settings page, credits, the main game page, several pop-ups, etc. The router will organize all these destinations and allow you to transition between them.

Internally, the RouterComponent contains a stack of routes. When you request it to show a route, it will be placed on top of all other pages in the stack. Later you can pop() to remove the topmost page from the stack. The pages of the router are addressed by their unique names.

Each page in the router can be either transparent or opaque. If a page is opaque, then the pages below it in the stack are not rendered and do not receive pointer events (such as taps or drags). On the contrary, if a page is transparent, then the page below it will be rendered and receive events normally. Such transparent pages are useful for implementing modal dialogs, inventory or dialogue UIs, etc. If you want your route to be visually transparent but for the routes below it to not receive events, make sure to add a background component to your route that captures the events by using one of the event capturing mixins.

Usage example:

class MyGame extends FlameGame {
  late final RouterComponent router;

  @override
  void onLoad() {
    add(
      router = RouterComponent(
        routes: {
          'home': Route(HomePage.new),
          'level-selector': Route(LevelSelectorPage.new),
          'settings': Route(SettingsPage.new, transparent: true),
          'pause': PauseRoute(),
          'confirm-dialog': OverlayRoute.existing(),
        },
        initialRoute: 'home',
      ),
    );
  }
}

class PauseRoute extends Route { ... }

Note

Use hide Route if any of your imported packages export another class called Route

eg: import 'package:flutter/material.dart' hide Route;

Route

The Route component holds information about the content of a particular page. Routes are mounted as children to the RouterComponent.

The main property of a Route is its builder – the function that creates the component with the content of its page.

In addition, the routes can be either transparent or opaque (default). An opaque prevents the route below it from rendering or receiving pointer events, a transparent route doesn’t. As a rule of thumb, declare the route opaque if it is full-screen, and transparent if it is supposed to cover only a part of the screen.

By default, routes maintain the state of the page component after being popped from the stack and the builder function is only called the first time a route is activated. Setting maintainState to false drops the page component after the route is popped from the route stack and the builder function is called each time the route is activated.

The current route can be replaced using pushReplacementNamed or pushReplacement. Each method simply executes pop on the current route and then pushNamed or pushRoute.

WorldRoute

The WorldRoute is a special route that allows setting active game worlds via the router. These Such routes can be used, for example, for swapping levels implemented as separate worlds in your game.

By default, the WorldRoute will replace the current world with the new one and by default it will keep the state of the world after being popped from the stack. If you want the world to be recreated each time the route is activated, set maintainState to false.

If you are not using the built-in CameraComponent you can pass in the camera that you want to use explicitly in the constructor.

final router = RouterComponent(
  routes: {
    'level1': WorldRoute(MyWorld1.new),
    'level2': WorldRoute(MyWorld2.new, maintainState: false),
  },
);

class MyWorld1 extends World {
  @override
  Future<void> onLoad() async {
    add(BackgroundComponent());
    add(PlayerComponent());
  }
}

class MyWorld2 extends World {
   @override
   Future<void> onLoad() async {
      add(BackgroundComponent());
      add(PlayerComponent());
      add(EnemyComponent());
   }
}

OverlayRoute

The OverlayRoute is a special route that allows adding game overlays via the router. These routes are transparent by default.

There are two constructors for the OverlayRoute. The first constructor requires a builder function that describes how the overlay’s widget is to be built. The second constructor can be used when the builder function was already specified within the GameWidget:

final router = RouterComponent(
  routes: {
    'ok-dialog': OverlayRoute(
      (context, game) {
        return Center(
          child: DecoratedContainer(...),
        );
      },
    ),  // OverlayRoute
    'confirm-dialog': OverlayRoute.existing(),
  },
);

Overlays that were defined within the GameWidget don’t even need to be declared within the routes map beforehand: the RouterComponent.pushOverlay() method can do it for you. Once an overlay route was registered, it can be activated either via the regular .pushNamed() method, or via the .pushOverlay() – the two methods will do exactly the same, though you can use the second one to make it more clear in your code that an overlay is being added instead of a regular route.

The current overlay can be replaced using pushReplacementOverlay. This method executes pushReplacementNamed or pushReplacement based on the status of the overlay being pushed.

ValueRoute

value_route.dart

import 'dart:math';
import 'dart:ui';

import 'package:doc_flame_examples/router.dart';
import 'package:flame/components.dart';
import 'package:flame/events.dart';
import 'package:flame/game.dart';
import 'package:flame/geometry.dart';

class ValueRouteExample extends FlameGame {
  late final RouterComponent router;

  @override
  Future<void> onLoad() async {
    router = RouterComponent(
      routes: {'home': Route(HomePage.new)},
      initialRoute: 'home',
    );
    add(router);
  }
}

class HomePage extends Component with HasGameReference<ValueRouteExample> {
  @override
  Future<void> onLoad() async {
    add(
      RoundedButton(
        text: 'Rate me',
        action: () async {
          final score = await game.router.pushAndWait(RateRoute());
          firstChild<TextComponent>()!.text = 'Score: $score';
        },
        color: const Color(0xff758f9a),
        borderColor: const Color(0xff60d5ff),
      )..position = game.size / 2,
    );
    add(
      TextComponent(
        text: 'Score: –',
        anchor: Anchor.topCenter,
        position: game.size / 2 + Vector2(0, 30),
        scale: Vector2.all(0.7),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class RateRoute extends ValueRoute<int>
    with HasGameReference<ValueRouteExample> {
  RateRoute() : super(value: -1, transparent: true);

  @override
  Component build() {
    final size = Vector2(250, 130);
    const radius = 18.0;
    final starGap = (size.x - 5 * 2 * radius) / 6;
    return DialogBackground(
      position: game.size / 2,
      size: size,
      children: [
        RoundedButton(
          text: 'Ok',
          position: position = Vector2(size.x / 2, 100),
          action: () {
            completeWith(
              descendants().where((c) => c is Star && c.active).length,
            );
          },
          color: const Color(0xFFFFFFFF),
          borderColor: const Color(0xFF000000),
        ),
        for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++)
          Star(
            value: i + 1,
            radius: radius,
            position: Vector2(starGap * (i + 1) + radius * (2 * i + 1), 40),
          ),
      ],
    );
  }
}

class DialogBackground extends RectangleComponent with TapCallbacks {
  DialogBackground({super.position, super.size, super.children})
      : super(
          anchor: Anchor.center,
          paint: Paint()..color = const Color(0xee858585),
        );
}

class Star extends PositionComponent with TapCallbacks {
  Star({required this.value, required this.radius, super.position})
      : super(size: Vector2.all(2 * radius), anchor: Anchor.center);

  final int value;
  final double radius;
  final Path path = Path();
  final Paint borderPaint = Paint()
    ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
    ..color = const Color(0xffffe395)
    ..strokeWidth = 2;
  final Paint fillPaint = Paint()..color = const Color(0xffffe395);
  bool active = false;

  @override
  Future<void> onLoad() async {
    path.moveTo(radius, 0);
    for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
      path.lineTo(
        radius + 0.6 * radius * sin(tau / 5 * (i + 0.5)),
        radius - 0.6 * radius * cos(tau / 5 * (i + 0.5)),
      );
      path.lineTo(
        radius + radius * sin(tau / 5 * (i + 1)),
        radius - radius * cos(tau / 5 * (i + 1)),
      );
    }
    path.close();
  }

  @override
  void render(Canvas canvas) {
    if (active) {
      canvas.drawPath(path, fillPaint);
    }
    canvas.drawPath(path, borderPaint);
  }

  @override
  void onTapDown(TapDownEvent event) {
    var on = true;
    for (final star in parent!.children.whereType<Star>()) {
      star.active = on;
      if (star == this) {
        on = false;
      }
    }
  }
}

Code

A ValueRoute is a route that will return a value when it is eventually popped from the stack. Such routes can be used, for example, for dialog boxes that ask for some feedback from the user.

In order to use ValueRoutes, two steps are required:

1. Create a route derived from the ValueRoute<T> class, where T is the type of the value that your route will return. Inside that class override the build() method to construct the component that will be displayed. The component should use the completeWith(value) method to pop the route and return the specified value.

   class YesNoDialog extends ValueRoute<bool> {
     YesNoDialog(this.text) : super(value: false);
     final String text;
   
     @override
     Component build() {
       return PositionComponent(
         children: [
           RectangleComponent(),
           TextComponent(text: text),
           Button(
             text: 'Yes',
             action: () => completeWith(true),
           ),
           Button(
             text: 'No',
             action: () => completeWith(false),
           ),
         ],
       );
     }
   }
   

2. Display the route using Router.pushAndWait(), which returns a future that resolves with the value returned from the route.

   Future<void> foo() async {
     final result = await game.router.pushAndWait(YesNoDialog('Are you sure?'));
     if (result) {
       // ... the user is sure
     } else {
       // ... the user was not so sure
     }
   }